nanook.si

"...learning and many other higher processes are secondary modifications of innate mechanisms, and... therefore a study of learning processes has to be preceded by a study of the innate foundations of behavior." (Tinbergen)

Učenje:
Habituacija
Senzitivizacija
Vtisnjenje
Postopnost
Asociativno učenje:
-klasično pogojevanje (Pavlov)
-instrumentalno pogojevanje (Skinner)
-učenje s poskusom in napako
Raziskovalno vedenje
Latentno učenje
Igra:
-gibalna igra
-spoznavna igra
Tvorba konceptov
Uvid (AHA izkušnja)

"After 14 years of continuous conditioning and observation of thousands of animals, it is our reluctant conclusion that the behavior of any species cannot be adequately understood, predicted or controlled without knowledge of its instinctive patterns, evolutionary history, and ecological niche." (Breland K., Breland M., The Misbehavior of Organisms, ABE)

Nagoni:
1. samoohranitveni nagon
2. raziskovalni nagon
3. prehranjevalni nagon
4. razmnoževalni nagon
5. socialni nagon

instinct: "A hierarchically organized nervous mechanism which reacts to priming, releasing and directing stimuli of either endogenous or exogenous character. The reaction consists of a coordinated series of movements that contributes to the preservation of the individual and species." (Tinbergen)

Dominance is an attribute of the pattern of the repeated, agonistic interactions between two individuals characterized by a consistent outcome in favour of the same dyad member and a default yielding response of its oponent rather than escalation. The status of the consisent winner is dominant and that of the loser subordinate. Dominance status refers to dyads while dominance rank, high or low, refers to the position in a hierarchy and, thus, depends on group composition. Dominance is a relative measure and not an absolute property of individuals.(Drews, 1993)